Moles: Decoding the mystery
Moles: Decoding the mystery
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Moles, those small, often inconspicuous spots that dot our skin, are more than just cosmetic quirks; they hold clues to our body's inner workings. Let’s unravel the mysteries surrounding moles, exploring their origins, when to pay attention and the considerations surrounding their removal.


Moles, scientifically known as naevi, emerge from a complex interplay of factors:


Age

Moles often emerge during childhood and adolescence, though they can appear at any stage of life. Their size, colour and distribution may evolve over time, reflecting the dynamic nature of our skin.

Genetic predisposition

Much like inherited traits, the propensity for developing moles can run in families. Genetic factors significantly influence their appearance and distribution across the skin.

Sun exposure

The sun's UV rays are a potent catalyst for mole formation. Prolonged exposure to UV radiation can stimulate the growth of moles and increase the risk of skin cancer, including melanoma.

Hormonal influences

Hormonal changes, such as those occurring during puberty, pregnancy, or hormone therapy, can trigger the development of new moles or alterations in existing ones. Fluctuations in hormone levels exert a profound influence on skin health and physiology.


While most moles are harmless, changes in size, shape, colour or texture may indicate a potential problem. It's essential to be vigilant and monitor your moles regularly. Here are some signs that a mole may warrant further attention:1,2

  • 1. Changes in shape or size: Moles that grow larger in diameter or undergo significant changes in shape, becoming asymmetrical or irregularly bordered, should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
  • 2. Changes in colour: Darkening or variations in colour within a mole, especially if accompanied by uneven pigmentation or multiple shades, may indicate cellular changes warranting further assessment.
  • 3. Itching, bleeding or pain: Moles that itch, bleed, or cause discomfort upon touch should be examined promptly. These symptoms may signal inflammation or potentially malignant transformation.
  • 4. Moles or lesions: The sudden appearance of new moles, particularly in adulthood, should be monitored closely. While many new moles are benign, their emergence warrants vigilance, and if necessary, medical evaluation.

The decision to remove a mole depends on various factors, including its size, location and whether it shows signs of cancerous changes. In many cases, moles are removed for cosmetic reasons or because they are in areas prone to irritation, such as the armpits or groin.


However, if a mole exhibits any concerning features, a dermatologist may recommend a biopsy to determine whether it is cancerous or precancerous. If cancerous cells are present, the mole will need to be surgically removed to prevent further spread.


It's important to note that attempting to remove a mole at home can lead to complications, including infection and scarring. Dermatologists have the expertise and tools necessary to safely remove moles and minimize the risk of complications.


While generally safe and effective, it's essential to be aware of the potential risks and complications associated with this removal process. Understanding these risks can help you make an informed decision and mitigate any adverse outcomes. Below are some key risks to consider:


Scarring

One of the most common risks associated with mole removal is scarring. Depending on the size, depth and location of the mole, the procedure may leave behind a visible scar. While dermatologists employ various techniques to minimize scarring, such as suturing or laser therapy, some degree of scarring is unavoidable in certain cases.

Infection

Like any surgical procedure, mole removal carries a risk of infection. Despite strict sterile techniques, bacteria may enter the wound site, leading to redness, swelling, pain, and discharge. Prompt medical attention and proper wound care can help prevent and treat infections effectively.

Bleeding

Mole removal may cause bleeding, particularly if the mole is large or located in a highly vascularized area. While minor bleeding is normal and typically resolves on its own, excessive bleeding may require medical intervention to control.

Nerve Damage

In rare cases, mole removal may result in nerve damage, leading to temporary or permanent numbness or altered sensation in the surrounding area. This risk is more common with larger or deeper moles or when the procedure involves cutting or excising nerve-rich tissue.

Recurrence

Despite complete removal, moles may occasionally recur in the same location. This recurrence may be due to residual mole cells left behind during the initial procedure or the development of new moles in the vicinity.


In conclusion, while moles are generally harmless, changes in their appearance should not be ignored. Regular self-examinations and annual skin checks by a dermatologist can help detect skin cancer early when it is most treatable. If you have concerns about a mole, consult a healthcare professional promptly for evaluation and appropriate management.


References

  1. Are your moles changing in size, shape and colour? NUSH+. Available at: https://nuhsplus.edu.sg/article/are-your-moles-changing-in-size-shape-and-colour.
  2. Is That Mole Cancerous? Cleveland Clinic. Available at: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/melanoma-when-should-you-worry-about-a-mole.

Healthful is a digital media publisher dedicated to providing informative content about health and wellness. It is important to note that Healthful does not provide professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For personalised health concerns or before initiating any treatment plan, it is essential to consult with your healthcare provider. Stay informed, stay healthful for you.

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