Coronary artery disease (CAD)
This condition occurs when the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle, become narrowed or blocked due to atherosclerosis (buildup of plaque). CAD can lead to chest pain (angina) and heart attacks.
Peripheral artery disease (PAD)
PAD occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the limbs become narrowed or blocked. It often causes leg pain and can increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension is a condition where the force of the blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. It can lead to serious health problems, including heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure.
Arrhythmias
These are irregular heartbeats that can be too fast, too slow, or erratic. Common types include atrial fibrillation (AFib) and ventricular tachycardia. Arrhythmias can lead to complications such as stroke and heart failure.
Heart failure
Heart failure occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood effectively. It can result from various conditions, including CAD, hypertension, and cardiomyopathy (disease of the heart muscle).
Healthy diet
Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Limit intake of saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, sodium, and added sugars.
Regular exercise
Engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity exercise per week. Activities like walking, cycling, and swimming are excellent for cardiovascular health.
Maintain a healthy weight
Achieve and maintain a healthy weight to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Calculate your Body Mass Index (BMI) to determine if you are within a healthy weight range.
Avoid smoking
Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. If you smoke, seek help to quit. Avoid exposure to second-hand smoke as well.
Manage stress
Chronic stress can negatively impact heart health. Practice stress-reducing techniques such as mindfulness, meditation, yoga, and deep breathing exercises.
Regular health check-ups
Monitor your blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and blood sugar levels regularly. Early detection and management of these risk factors can prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases.
